Bone marrow lesions of the femoral head : can radiomics distinguish whether it is reversible?

Purpose: Contrary to the self-limiting nature of reversible bone marrow lesions, irreversible bone marrow lesions require early surgical intervention to prevent further morbidity. Thus, early discrimination of irreversible pathology is necessitated. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of radiomics and machine learning regarding this topic. Material and methods: A database was scanned for patients who had undergone MRI of the hip for differential diagnosis of bone marrow lesions and had had follow-up images acquired within 8 weeks after the first imaging. Images that showed resolution of oedema were included in the reversible group. The remainders that showed progression into characteristic signs of osteonecrosis were included in the irreversible group. Radiomics was performed on the first MR images, calculating first- and second-order parameters. Support vector machine and random forest classifiers were performed using these parameters. Results: Thirty-seven patients (seventeen osteonecrosis) were included. A total of 185 ROIs were segmented. Fortyseven parameters were accepted as classifiers with an area under the curve value ranging from 0.586 to 0.718. Support vector machine yielded a sensitivity of 91.3% and a specificity of 85.1%. Random forest classifier yielded a sensitivity of 84.8% and a specificity of 76.7%. Area under curves were 0.921 for support vector machine and 0.892 for random forest classifier. Conclusions: Radiomics analysis could prove useful for discrimination of reversible and irreversible bone marrow lesions before the irreversible changes occur, which could prevent morbidities of osteonecrosis by guiding the decisionmaking process for management

Artificial Neural Networks and Their Applications in the Engineering of Fabrics

WOS: 00036372550000

Energy consumption and energy saving potential in clothing industry

WOS: 000442973300008Turkish clothing industry, being one of the biggest apparel suppliers of the world, plays a major role in manufacturing sector of the country with the highest share in total exports. Therefore analysis of the clothing sector in terms of energy consumption which is an important component of its environmental impacts is of importance. Energy consumption of the plants in the entire knitted garment production chain was aimed to be investigated in this study. Average, specific and equipment-wise energy consumptions were analysed. Energy saving potential was revealed by walkthrough energy audits. Moreover, average and specific CO2 emissions were calculated. Specific energy consumption and CO2 emission for the production of one piece of knitted garment from dyed-finished fabric was found as between 0.78 and 1.44 MJ/piece and 0.09-0.17 kgCO(2)/piece, respectively. Equipment-wise energy use investigation of apparel production plants showed that the steam production, compressors and lighting equipments have considerable share in total energy consumption and cost Average energy saving potential of 16.4% for apparel, 14.4% for embroidery and 11.6% for screen printing plants were indicated to be possible. Application of energy efficient lighting equipment was found to have the highest energy saving potential corresponding to 63% of the total projected savings. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

MODELLING OF THE DRYING BEHAVIOUR OF REGENERATED CELLULOSIC FABRICS

WOS: 000419066800007Drying behaviour of garments during wear after any activity resulted in sweating is of great importance in terms of clothing comfort as well as heat and water vapour permeability for functional clothing design. The aim of this study is to analyze and model the drying kinetics of regenerated cellulosic fabrics which have increasingly use in casual clothing and sportswear. Simulated drying experiments showed that modal and lyocell fabrics have similar drying behaviour although their supramolecular arrangement is quite different and drying rate is higher than viscose fabrics. Moisture management tests proved that the drying behaviour is directly connected to the liquid moisture spreading capability of regenerated cellulosic fabrics. A two-stage modelling approach which is a combination of linear fit and thin-layer drying equations was tested for modelling of drying behaviour. Logarithmic model was found to be the best fitted equation to represent the falling-rate drying period of regenerated cellulosic fabrics. Moreover the sufficiency of the proposed model for the computation of drying rate was also proved

Shock Pre-Drying of Polyester Fabrics and Their Blends

WOS: 000271981800005Shock pre-drying is a combination of vacuum extraction and convective drying methods that provides rapid drying due to the synergy between heat energy and mechanical forces. Shock pre-drying of polyester (PE) fabrics and their blends was performed. Experimental results showed that complete drying of PE fabrics was possible. As well as pre-drying, use of the method for intermediate drying after thermosol dyeing was also studied. The method prevents center-surface and horizontal migration. It also ensures higher color yield values at the face side of the fabrics after the thermosol process, compared to squeezing, and therefore leads to chemical savings

Relation between fabric porosity and vacuum extraction efficiency: Energy issues

WOS: 000260800200001Vacuum extraction is a technique that removes the unbound water from the fabrics by the help of air flow through the fabrics at high velocities. Air flow through textile fabrics is mainly affected by the fabric structure such as tightness, porosity and air permeability. This paper outlines the effects of the fabric structure on the vacuum drying efficiency. Thirty woven fabrics with different porosities were dried by vacuum extraction method, and it was found that the lower the porosity or the lower the air permeability, the higher the water removal effects and energy requirement

Stent-Assisted Coiling Of Cerebral Aneurysms With The Neuroform Atlas Stent

Objectives: The Neuroform Atlas stent (AS) is the smallest intracranial stent with an open-cell design. This study reports the first clinical experience with AS. Methods: All intracranial aneurysms treated by stent-assisted coiling using a single AS in a single institution were retrospectively evaluated. Patient demographics, aneurysm characteristics, angles between the parent artery and stented branch, technical success, and clinical and angiographic follow-up were analyzed. Results: Fifty-five consecutive aneurysms treated with AS-assisted coiling were included. Of these, 69.1% were located distal to the circle of Willis. Technical success rate was 100%. The mean diameters of proximal and distal parent arteries were 2.62 mm (range 1.5-4.4) and 1.8 mm (range 0.8-3.5), respectively. Except for a minor stroke in a patient who completely discontinued antiplatelet therapy on postoperative day 4, there were no clinical events with permanent sequelae, and 94.1% of patients had Raymond-Roy score of 1 or 2 aneurysmal occlusion at a mean follow-up duration of 7.9 months. Although the angle between the parent artery and the stented branch increased significantly (p<0.001) with time, the angular change at follow-up was only 16.45 +/- 11.03 degrees and was inversely correlated both with preoperative angle and the diameter of the distal parent artery (r= -0.465 and r= -0.433, respectively, p=0.004 for both). Conclusion: AS-assisted coiling was associated with a favorable early clinical outcome and angiographic results in this series. This stent can be used for distally located aneurysms and results in minimal alteration of the arterial anatomy.Wo